What is Disturbance?

Level 1: Less Severe

Unintentional acts resulting in minor behavioral changes of sea otters (i.e., changing from sleeping to alert)

Level 2: Severe

Acts resulting in substantial behavioral change of sea otters, such as chasing them for photography
Allowing dogs to chase or disturb sea otters
Disturbance resulting in a group of sea otters diving or fleeing to the water from shore
Repeat violations involving Level 1 acts

Level 3: Most Severe

Intentional acts, such as shooting at sea otters, throwing rocks at sea otters, or poking/hitting resting sea otters
Any acts resulting in direct physical harm to sea otters, including attacks by dogs
Intentional acts that result in the separation of mothers from pups
Repeat violations involving Level 2 acts

Frequent Disturbance Can Result in Habituation

habituation of sea otters Sea otters, like almost any animal that is exposed to frequent human disturbance, can become habituated to humans. Habituation results in a loss of fear of humans, increased boldness and in some cases aggression towards humans and pets. Habituated sea otters may try to interact with humans by climbing on kayaks. In scenarios like this, both humans and sea otters are at risk, and every attempt should be made to prevent physical interaction (see Avoiding direct interactions between sea otters, humans and pets). Interactions between sea otters and dogs should never be allowed. A dog can harass or injure a sea otter, and a habituated sea otter can easily kill a dog, whether in “play” or out of aggression. Direct interactions with sea otters also carry the risk of disease transmission from the sea otter to you or your pet. You or your pet may also transmit disease to the sea otter. A habituated sea otter can be dangerous, and incidents of aggression towards people or pets are likely to result in the removal of the individual from the wild population.

When should I report harassment of sea otters and to whom?

If you witness any incident (Level 1, 2 or 3), please help Sea Otter Savvy study disturbance and harassment of sea otters by completing our Disturbance Incident Report. This is not an official report to law enforcement, but is a vital part of our effort to collect detailed data on these incidents.

In addition, Level 3 (Most Severe) incidents should ALWAYS be reported to law enforcement. Level 2 (Severe) incidents may also be reported, but enforcement action is facilitated if you include video or photographic evidence of the disturbance and some way to identify the perpetrator (e.g. boat (CF) number, vehicle license plate, physical description of person and/or boat). Read more about the laws protection sea otters on our Laws and Protections page.

Report harassment of sea otters to CalTIP in one of the following ways: Call 1-888-334-CalTIP (888-334-2258); text the tip to 847411 with CalTIP as the first words of your message; or use new CalTIP app for iOS and Android. Learn more about CalTIP